WHAT IS METHOD OF STATEMENT?
It is the documents submitted by contractor to
client, covering the general work procedure of a particular job in safe manners
as per required standard.
WHAT IS
JSA AND ITS USE?
Job safety analysis is the step by step analysis
of a job to determine the safe working procedures
it includes the following steps.
Watch the job being done
Break the job down into steps
described the hazards in each step of task
Identity the desired controls measures and
Implement these counter measures in the job
executions.
WHAT IS
WORK PERMIT?
Is a written document authorizing a person or a
group to perform maintenance, inspections or construction work?
HOW MANY
TYPE OF PERMITS ARE USED?
Hot work permit,
Cold work permit,
Confined space entry permit,
Excavation permit,
Lifting permit,
Night work permit,
Radiography permit,
Other permits as per job requirement.
What is
Safety?
Safety is a state where the Risk has been
Eliminated or Reduced to an Acceptable Level.
Control of Accidental Loss of Resources Human
and Material
what is
near-miss?
An undesirable event which has the potential to
cause loss
WHAT IS
CONFINED SPACE?
Any space having a limited means of access and
egress, when subject to the hazards like deficiency of Oxygen, toxic or
flammable gases or substances, dust etc.
WHAT IS
THE OXYGEN LEVEL IN A CONFINED SPACE?
The Oxygen level in Confined space is 19.5% to
23.5%.
IN WHAT
CIRCUMTANCES A CONFINED SPACE WORK PERMIT CAN BE ISSUED?
If properly ventilated, gas test reading are
satisfactory, properly barricaded and warning signs are Posted, trained stand
by man is present with log sheet, sufficient lightening and low voltage
Electricity (24V-110V), proper means of communication, locked and tagged out if
necessary, lifeline man retrieval System if necessary etc.
WHO IS
CONFINED SPACE ATTENNDANT?
He is one who is aware of the confined space
hazards and knows how to react if anything goes wrong, able to maintain
confined space entry log sheet etc.
WHAT ARE
THE HAZARDS IN A CONFINED SPACE?
Oxygen Deficiency or Enrichment, presence of
toxic or flammable gases, chemical hazards fire hazards
fall of materials fall hazards electrocution
dust sounds heat or cold caught in between moving
Equipment’s engulfment etc.
WHAT ARE
THE DUTIES OF A CONFINED SPACE ATTENDANT?
He is responsible for the safety of entrants,
should be present whenever people are working in confined space, maintain
update entry log sheet, maintain continuous communication with entrants and
monitor conditions in the confined space to ensure a safe working atmosphere,
prevent unauthorized personnel, initiate alarm for help if in need evacuate the
entrants if conditions are not satisfying or in case of any general evacuation
initiated contact rescue personnel if necessary etc.
GIVE SOME
EXAMPLE OF A CONFINED SPACE?
Pipes, Vessels, Tanks, boilers, and Tube areas
Silos Trenches and excavation deeper then 4feet sludge Pits Duct works etc.
NAME ONE
HAZARDOUS JOB IN A CONFINED SPACE?
Welding Grinding Chemical Use of gas cutting
sets erection of materials
WHO IS
COMPETENT PERSONS?
Is one who is properly trained and authorized to
perform a specific work in a safe manner competent person one who is capable of
identifying existing predictable hazards and who has authority to make prompt
corrective actions.
WHAT IS
ACCIDENT?
Accident is uncontrolled events that results
in undesirable consequences to personnel injury, illness of the assets damage
or loss or to the environment.
An Undesirable event which causes harm to personal
Damage to property.
WHAT IS A
NEARMISS?
A Potential hazards, which has not yet caused an
accident or an occurrence that did not results in but have the potentials to
results in undesirable consequences to personnel illness injury and or to the
assets damage loss or to the neighboring community and environment.
An Undesirable event which has the potential to
cause loss.
WHO MAKES
AN ACCIDENT REPORT?
Concerned area supervisor or site safety
representatives.
WHO MAKES
AN ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT?
A team of frontline supervisor, HSE manager
sub-contractor representatives if subcontractor personnel
are injured high officials depending upon the
severity of accident.
WHAT IS
THE USED OF ACCIDENT REPORT?
To find out the root cause of accident makes
recommendations to prevent re-occurrence and evaluate the effectiveness of
emergency response.
WHAT IS
WASTE MANAGEMENT?
Waste management means safely disposing the
by-product of a process or a work to the environment after the proper treatment
if necessary so that no threat for living properties and environment exists.
WHAT IS
MSDS?
Materials safety data sheets is the documents
prepared by the manufacturer giving product name producer address emergency
contact phone number information of ingredients possible hazards first aid
measures precaution to be taken for storage and handling recommended PPE
extinguisher physical and chemical properties etc.
WHAT IS
RADIOGRAPHI?
It is use for welding X-rays.
(If the wind velocity is up the 32 km or 20
miles then work should stop.)
WHAT IS
RADIOACTIVITY?
Radioactivity is the spontaneous disintegration
of atomic nucleus emits ALPHA particles BETA particles or GAMA rays or
electromagnetic rays during this process.
WHAT IS
THE UNIT FOR MEASURING THE RADIATIONS?
Micro sever or Mille Rem.
IN WHAT
CONDITIONS A WORK PERMITS CAN BE ISSUED FOR RADIOGRAPHY?
The controlled area is calculated evacuated and
barricaded with yellow black tapes warning signs a minimum of 4 no. and red or
yellow flash lights.
WHAT ARE
SAFETY MEASURES TO BE TAKEN WHILE DOING RADOIGRAPHY?
Ensure a competent person is surveying outside
the barricaded areas with surveys meters. The crews are observing and following
the safety precautions. The controlled areas is calculated evacuated and
barricaded with yellow black warning signs a minimum of 4no.s and red or yellow
flash lights.
WHAT IS
THE CONTROLLED AREA?
Any area where the radiations dose is more than
0.75 MREM/h (7.5 Micro sever)
WHAT IS A
GIEGER METER?
Is the instruments used to measure the
radiations dose (Radiation Survey Meter)
WHO IS AN
AUTHORIZED EXPOSE PERSON?
He is one who got formal training in the use of
sealed source and X-RAY equipment used in industry radiography.
WHAT ARE
THE REQUIRMENTS OF A MAN BASKET?
It should be designed and fabricated according
to standards have party certificates two guide ropes damage free lifting gears
the load bearing capacity should be written on man basket shackles with cotter
pin only to be used.
HOW
SLINGS ARE INSPECTED?
All slings must be inspected before every use
and periodically it should be inspected thoroughly and shall be rejected if
found were one third of the original outside the diameter of outside individual
wires serves corrosion distortion linking crushing bird caging broken wires.
THE TYPES
OF CRANES?
Mobile Crane
Crawler Crane
Tower Crane
Over Head Crane
THE PARTS
OF CRANE?
Boom,Slings,Shackie,Flyingjib,Antitwoblock,Outerrigger,Mainhoist,Auxillaryhoist,Pulley,Webslings,LMI(Load
Movement Indicator).
WHAT ARE
THE REQUIRMENTS OF A CRANE LIFTING?
Crane positions on firm and level ground with
wood pads and steel plates. Outriggers are fully extended tires are off the
ground. Certified operator and rigger are available safe load indicator is
working the check list filled by competent persons.
WHAT IS
WORK RADIUS?
Is the maximum distance where a certain
activities for lifting or rigging jobs in progress.
WHAT IS
SWL?
Safe Working Load is the maximum load that can
apply to the lifting tool, safely
WHAT IS
LIFTING PLAN?
Is the documents prepare for planning a critical
lift by calculating and considering all factors which is going to effect the
lift and there by selecting the correct tools and cranes and ensure the safe
lifting procedure to be followed for the particular lift, which is used for
lifting and what the safe factor is, where the load is lifted, where it is
fitted, size and SWL of each lifting tool used JSA and load-chart are attached
with it.
WHAT IS
TANDUM LIFT?
A lift in which two crane are used for Lifting
is called Tandem Lifting.
What is
excavation?
A man made cut, cavity, trench or depression
formed by earth removal.
What is
trench?
A narrow excavation, where the depth is greater
than width
what is
shoring?
A structure that supports the sides of an
excavation and protects against cave-ins.
What is
different between a flash back arrestor and a check valve?
A check valve allows flow in one direction only.
This prevents oxygen reaching acetylene cylinder and acetylene reaching oxygen
cylinder in the event of blockage in the torch or line or pressure variations.
But a flash back arrestor prevents reverse flow;
stop the flow of flame from reaching the cylinder in the event of a flash back
or the temperature exceeds a limit (220 degrees f.)
How many
type of Fall Protection system?
(1) Guardrail system,
(2) Safety Net system.
(3)Personal Fall arrest system (BODY HARNESS)
what is
the classis of fire and what type of fire extinguishers are used for them?
What is
the responsibility of Fire Watch?
Fire watch is the person design to identify and
eliminate fire hazards, alert and extinguish fire in case of any outbreak of fire
and to protect the person and properties from a fire. He is the man to reach
first in case of fire by keeping a close watch on such hazardous areas.
What is
color coding system?
This system followed to inspect and insure the
serviceability of tools, equipment’s periodically ( normally it is monthly )
like fire extinguishers, full body harness, lifting gears, electrical codes and
power tools, etc. These things are inspected by competent person and are
indicated by putting the color of particular month (this color is decided in
advance and is being followed by all people at particular site). The items
which are found defective or unserviceable will not be color coded and has to
be removed from service.
Who can
color code?
Competent person
what is
the maximum distance between two adjacent accesses in a long excavation?
A ladder must be present within 25feet, of
employees working in excavation.
In open excavation – At least every 30m on the
perimeter, if less than 1.2m deep
– At every 7.5m on the perimeter, if more than
1.2m deep
When is
an excavation considered as a confined space?
If depth is more than 1.2m
who can
erect scaffolding?
Certified scaffold
who can
inspect the components used for erecting a scaffold?
A competent and certified scaffolding supervisor
what is
tag system?
A tag system is put on scaffolding, by a
competent person, indicating the present condition whether it can be used and
whether fall protection needed or not.
Red tag – Do not use (is being erected or
dismantled)
Yellow tag – Can use with 100% fall protection
(is incomplete or cannot be completed)
Green tag – Safe to use (scaffolding is
complete)
who can
place a scaffold tag?
Competent person (scaffolding supervisor)
what are
the details in a scaffold tag?
Location, Maximum loading capacity (kN/m2 or
psf), Date erected and date inspected with foreman’s name and signature.
In which
condition a scaffold cannot be erected?
Extreme weather (strong wind, rain, ice), ground
not stable, safe clearance (minimum 10 feet) can’t be maintained with live
wire, certified workers and supervisor are not available, permit not available.
What is
the minimum overlapping of two adjacent planks in a platform?
Not less than 12 inches
what is a
guard rail system?
A barrier consisting of top rail and med rails,
toe board and vertical up right erected to prevent men and materials falling
from an elevated work area.
What is a
toe board?
Barrier secured along the sides and ends of a platform
to guard falling of materials, tools, and other objects.
What is
the minimum height of a toe-board?
Minimum 4 inches
what is
the height of the top-rail from the platform?
38 inches to 45 inches
what are
the requirements in placing an access ladder on a scaffold?
Provide access when scaffold platforms are more
than 2 feet above or below a point of access.
When using ladders, bottom rung must not be more
than 24 inches high. Ladder to be at the correct angle (i.e. Feet out for every
4 feet in height) Ladders are to be tied at both sides not by the rungs. Make
sure the ladder extends a safe distance (at least 90cm) above the landing
stage. When the horizontal travel distance exceeds 15 meters provide at least
two accesses. If the platform is longer, access shall be provided at every 30
meters. The ladder should be free from damage and should be color coded. All
access ladders must be tagged.
In what
circumstances fall protection system has to be used?
If the person could fall more than 1.8 meter
then a fall protection system should be used.
Example- Any activity at an elevation more than
1.8 meter such as erection, dismantling or maintenance of scaffolding pipes,
equipment’s.
What is
the minimum width required for a walk-way?
Minimum width of a walk-way is 18 inches.
What
materials can be placed on a scaffold platform?
All types of construction materials which are
used for particular construction activity can be kept on scaffolding platform
but before keeping the materials and tools required for the work on the
platform, we must ensure load bearing capacity of that scaffolding platform.
The platform shall not be overloaded and shall be fitted with object protection
system like toe board nets etc.
What are
the requirements for working on a moving scaffold?
Mobile scaffolding shall be plumb, level and
square. It shall be moved only by manually pushing or pulling the base. No men,
equipment, or materials shall be on the working platform or elsewhere on the
scaffolding while it is in motion. Castors shall be locked at all times except
during scaffold movement. The temporary foundation or truck set on uneven
ground for scaffold movement shall be level and properly secured. The height of
the working platform shall not exceed 4 times of the minimum base dimension, if
it exceeds this limit outriggers must be installed. A complete guard rail
system must be provided. The scaffolding shall be inspected and tagged before
use by a competent person.
When
should we inspect scaffold?
Scaffolding shall be inspected and tagged after
completing erection. Also before each work period or where they are altered,
adjusted to rain or heavy winds. Thereafter the scaffolding shall be examined
at least once in every seven days.
What is
the angle to fix the Ladder?
The angle of Ladder is 75deg or ¼.
What is
the space between the two ladder Rungs?
The gape or space is 12inch or 30cm.
With what
color a ladder can be painted?
Aluminum ladders and wooden ladders shall not be
painted.
What is a
life-line?
Life line is component that consists of a
flexible line that connects to an anchorage at one end to hang vertically or
that connects to anchorages at both ends to stretch horizontally and which
serves
as a method to connect component of a personnel
fall arrest system to the anchorage.
How can we calculate the safe anchorage of a life-line?
When life is used they shall be fastened to
fixed safe points of anchorage capable of supporting 2300 kilos shall be
independent, and shall be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. Safe
anchorage points may include structural members (minimum 4 inches structural
member or 4inces pipes) but do not include guard rails, vents, other small dia
piping system, electrical conduit, outrigger beams or counter weights. It shall
be made from 10mm dia wire ropes. Horizontal lifelines shall be installed at
the highest feasible point, preferable above shoulder height. This life lines
shall be maintained with unloaded sag at the center no longer than 30cm
(12inches) for every 10meters of life line length between attachment points.
What is
lock-out/tag-out system?
For servicing or maintenance of live equipment’s
or pipe lines where the unexpected energizing or release of energy could cause
of injury, lock and tag are place on the isolating device to avoid uncontrolled
operation and give details of the lock-out schedule.
Abbreviation
use for safety?
STARRT – Safety Task and Risk Reduction Talk
COSHH – Control of Substance Hazardous to Health
OSHA – Occupational Safety and Health
Administration
CFR – Court of Federal Regulation
OHSAS – Occupational Health and Safety
Assessment Series
ELCB – Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker
GFCI – Ground F
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